The Rolex Explorer II, first unveiled in 1971, occupies a unique niche within the prestigious Rolex catalogue. Unlike the more ubiquitous Datejust or Submariner, the Explorer II is a specialized tool watch, explicitly designed to meet the demanding needs of cave explorers and other adventurers venturing into challenging and unforgiving environments. Its robust construction, enhanced legibility, and distinctive features have solidified its place as a legend among both professional explorers and watch enthusiasts. This article will delve into the history, features, variations, and current market value of the Rolex Explorer II, providing a comprehensive overview for anyone interested in this iconic timepiece.
A History of Exploration: The Genesis of the Explorer II
The original Rolex Explorer, launched in 1953, served as the foundation for the Explorer II. However, the Explorer II addressed specific shortcomings identified by cave explorers. The primary challenge was determining the time of day in the near-total darkness of caves. The solution? A 24-hour hand. This groundbreaking feature, a fixed hand that independently circles the dial once every 24 hours, allowed explorers to easily distinguish between AM and PM, crucial for orientation and timing in subterranean environments where sunlight is absent.
The initial reference 1655, with its distinctive orange 24-hour hand, quickly gained a reputation for reliability and durability. Its robust Oyster case, protected by a screw-down crown and crystal, ensured water resistance, while the luminous markers provided excellent visibility in low-light conditions. The choice of materials, including a highly resistant stainless steel case and a virtually indestructible sapphire crystal (in later models), reflected Rolex's commitment to creating a watch that could withstand the rigors of extreme exploration.
Over the years, the Explorer II has undergone several iterations, each building upon its predecessor's strengths while incorporating advancements in watchmaking technology. This evolution has resulted in a diverse range of models, each with its own unique characteristics and collector appeal.
Rolex Explorer II Models: A Chronological Overview
The history of the Rolex Explorer II can be categorized into distinct generations, each marked by significant design changes and technological improvements:
* Reference 1655 (1971-1984): This is the original Explorer II, featuring the iconic orange 24-hour hand and a GMT hand. The dial was often equipped with tritium lume, giving it a distinctive creamy patina over time. These early models are highly sought after by collectors due to their rarity and historical significance.
* Reference 16550 (1984-1989): This reference replaced the tritium lume with luminova, a newer, brighter luminescent material. Other minor changes were made, but the overall design remained largely consistent with the 1655.
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